Standard Parallels (standard lines)

Cylindrical projection with one standard parallel v0 or two standard parallels v1 and v2.

In case of normal position of the projection axis we have always:

       v0 = 0         resp.   v2 = - v1 .

 cylindrical projection



Conic projection with one standard parallel v0 or two standard parallels v1 and v2.

In case of normal position of the projection axis we always have:

0 < |v0| <  / 2     resp.    v2 ≠ - v1 .

 conic projection